Description
Shri Shiva (also Shiva and Śiva; Sanskrit: शिव) is a divine personality (Ishvara) in Hinduism. Meaning of the word Shiva: In the texts of the Vedas, the Tantras, and other sources, three meanings of the term Shiva emerge. The first and most important meaning of Shiva is well-being. Shiva is seen as someone who promotes well-being in various ways (by assuming various roles). To represent all these ways or roles, Shiva is sometimes depicted with five different faces: two on the left, two on the right, and one in the center. The second meaning of Shiva is "supreme knowledge or knowledge of the Supreme Being (without attributes) beyond all existential bondage." The third meaning is the person Sadashiva, who was born approximately seven thousand years ago in India. Sadashi means "always," and Shiva means "well-being." Sadashiva means "one whose sole purpose in existence is to promote the universal well-being of all beings." Significance of Shiva's arrival: The first form of Shiva (Rudra) emerged at the end of the Rig-Veda era and the beginning of the Yajur-Veda era. Many Aryans had already invaded India, and many more were yet to come. The rishis were the leaders of the clans, who traveled in their chariots. This theory, also called the Aryan invasion theory, has since been rejected. This theory was invented in the past by Western invaders to continue oppressing the Black population. You can read about this on the following Wikipedia page: Aryan invasion theory. The collective teachings of these rishis (sages) and munis (scholars), called Arsha Dharma, were constantly subject to change. For example, the system of recitation and pronunciation of mantras changed over time, from one Veda to another. Saivism as a form of Bhakti probably originated in South India in the fifth century AD.
Lava Stone
Lava is rock in liquid form. Once magma reaches the Earth's surface or the seabed, it is called lava. Due to differences in magma composition, outflow rate, temperature, and chemical and mineralogical composition, there are several types of lava, each with its own behavior and characterized by a porous structure. Lava can have a destructive effect, but at the same time, it also has a creative effect. For instance, new land can be formed by lava; this is how the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean were formed. Furthermore, cooled lava—after several centuries of weathering—is very fertile and can therefore be used effectively as agricultural land. The word 'lava' originates from the Italian language and is likely derived from the Latin word labes, which refers to the sliding or gliding of lava. The word was first used in its current meaning by Francesco Serao, a professor of medicine at the University of Naples, when he described the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in the period from May 14 to June 4, 1737. Serao believed that lava was a mixture of sand and earth that had been melted by the heat of the volcanic fire. He described “a stream of fiery lava” in comparison to the water and mud that flow down the volcano after heavy rain. Cooling viscous lava often accumulates in a volcanic shaft. Due to this blockage and the presence of gases in the lava, pressure builds up in the shaft. Eventually, an eruption occurs, producing large clouds of volcanic ash and gas, as well as pyroclastic flows. The most explosive eruptions are followed by a quieter period during which lava is expelled. If the lava is rich in silica, a slowly growing lava dome forms—a large, cushion-like structure full of cracks and fissures. The top and edges of a lava dome are usually covered with rock fragments, breccia, and ash. The hardened rock that forms from lava is called extrusive rock. The appearance and composition of different extrusive rocks vary greatly. If a lava flow of rhyolite cools rapidly, it can become obsidian. However, if it is filled with gas bubbles, it can also become pumice. If the same lava cools slowly, it becomes a light-colored solid rock simply called rhyolite.
Machining lava stone.
